The gingival graft is a functional treatment that has been shown to be very effective in protecting both teeth and implants against a lack of fixed gingiva, whether adherent or keratinized, which can cause gum recession, facilitating infections in periodontitis. Thus, apart from the functional aspect, it should be mentioned that it is an aesthetic solution for patients who have little gingival tissue, thus improving the appearance of the smile.
When is a gingival graft performed?
Gingival tissue can be understood as a thick band that is located around the teeth and prevents the gum from separating from the teeth and retracting, thus exposing more and more of the tooth surface, even the root of the tooth being visible.
In this case, damage can occur in the bone that supports the implant, since it is totally exposed.
Gum recession is a fairly common problem, but as it is gradual it takes some time to become evident, so when it is diagnosed it is usually a somewhat serious complication.
It does not only affect oral esthetics, but can also cause serious health problems.
Types of gum grafting
Depending on the characteristics of each patient as well as the state of their gums, there are several types of gum grafts that are best suited to the morphology and needs of each patient.
- Connective tissue graft: in this case a layer of gum located in the palate or in the wisdom tooth area is separated and the subepithelial connective tissue is extracted and glued to the gum. This treatment is used in patients with very thin gums and who need more tissue to increase their size.
- Free gum graft: Palate and connective tissue is also used, although it is obtained from one site and then used in the treated gum area. It is used in patients who do not have fixed gum around their teeth.
- Pedicled gum graft: the gum surrounding the tooth is used instead of the tissue from the roof of the mouth. The piece of gum, known as a pedicle, is partially cut and sewn around the tooth.
For more information, you can request a free consultation at SilmiDental Dental Clinic.