Discoid meniscus is an abnormality in the shape of the meniscus. Normally, the meniscus is shaped like a crescent, and in this entity the meniscus is shaped like a disc.
Causes of discoid meniscus
The specific causes are not clear. In fact, there are different theories that are based on an alteration during the development of the meniscus, but so far there is no proven one. Normally, the discoid meniscus usually exists in both knees and usually affects the outer meniscus, i.e. the outside of the knee.
Symptoms of discoid meniscus
As a rule, a discoid meniscus does not give symptoms, but is diagnosed accidentally when complementary tests, such as MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), are performed.
However, if the discoid meniscus is damaged or torn, it can produce the following symptoms:
- Pain
- Clicking
- Bulge in the external zone of the knee
- Blockages, the patient is not able to stretch the knee completely.
But, how can a meniscus tear occur? A meniscus can tear if:
- The knee is twisted or flexed too much.
- Stopping and changing direction while running, landing from a jump or twisting the knee
- Lifting something heavy while squatting
- When you receive a blow to the knee, for example doing sports activities such as soccer or rugby.
Treatment of the discoid meniscus
First of all, it is necessary to have a proper examination of the knee by a specialist in traumatology. The test of choice for the diagnosis is the Magnetic Resonance Imaging, which complements the information obtained. It can be used to diagnose tears, cysts or other knee injuries.
However, if the discoid meniscus is not symptomatic, treatment will not be necessary. For more problematic menisci, treatment may depend on factors such as age, activity level or where the tear occurred. For mild tears, the injury can be treated with rest and physical therapy exercises.
On the other hand, for menisci with more severe tears, knee arthroscopy (surgery) may be necessary to repair the meniscus. In this type of surgery, small cuts are made in the knee and tiny surgical tools and a small camera are inserted to follow the repair of the tear.