Myodesopsias are small, usually dark, mobile spots that can appear anywhere in the visual field. They can have a rounded or fusiform shape and are usually multiple. They are also called floaters.
Although they cannot generally be considered a major ophthalmologic problem, they are a frequent reason for consultation that worries affected patients.
Causes
Myodesopsias occur as a consequence of an alteration of the vitreous humor, which is a transparent gelatinous substance located in the vitreous cavity of the eyeball.
Vitreous alterations may be secondary to aging, trauma or inflammation. People with myopia usually present early vitreous alterations.
Treatment
There is currently no topical or systemic pharmacological treatment that has been shown to be effective in eliminating myodesopsias.
In selected cases of very large or numerous myodesopsias that significantly interfere with vision, a surgical intervention called vitrectomy may be performed.
Living with myodesopsias
Myodesopsias are usually more evident and bothersome in very bright and luminous environments. It is recommended that patients wear sunglasses in these environments to minimize the perception of myodesopsias.
However, over time the visual impact of myodesopsias usually lessens as the patient becomes accustomed to them and tends to perceive them less consciously.
When to consult
Any sudden change in the perception of the number or size of the usual myodesopsias should be consulted with an ophthalmologist.
Likewise, if myodesopsias are accompanied by photopsias (perception of flashes of light), the ophthalmologist should be consulted urgently to rule out the existence of a retinal tear that could lead to retinal detachment.