Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a behavioral disorder that appears in childhood and is usually diagnosed around 7 years of age, although in some cases this diagnosis can be made earlier. In principle, it manifests as an increase in physical activity, with impulsive behaviors and a certain difficulty in maintaining attention on a given activity for a period of time. In addition, there is emotional instability. This type of disorder is more common in boys than in girls and is estimated to affect between 5 and 10% of the child and adolescent population.
The most frequent symptoms manifest themselves when the child experiences intense difficulty paying attention, does not listen and interrupts other children and adults, is easily distracted when doing homework or playing, is very forgetful, is constantly moving around or unable to sit still, talks too much, acts and speaks impulsively… among others. If the child suffers from several of these symptoms it is possible that he/she suffers from ADHD. Although almost all people sometimes show some of these behaviors in ADHD they persist for more than 6 months causing problems at school, home, etc.
A complete evaluation by a trained professional – pediatrician, neurologist or psychologist – is the only way to know for sure if a child has ADHD. And treatment may include drugs – such as methylphenidate – behavioral therapy or a combination of both to control symptoms. The structure of the home and school are also important in the course of treatment. In addition, psychological training for parents can help control symptoms.