Psychologists are a fundamental pillar in the treatment of drug dependence, as prescribers but also as patient support. The specialist Dr. Jordi Sánchez Martín is an expert in understanding the needs and characteristics of each patient.
Drug dependence or drug addiction is a pattern of behavior in which the use of a substance (drug) is prioritized over other behaviors that were previously more important. From then on, the person’s life revolves around drugs, seeking them, getting money to buy them, consuming them and recovering from their effects.
Drug dependence integrates two dimensions: physical and psychological dependence. When we talk about physical dependence we mean that the organism is totally accustomed to the presence of the drug, so that, in order for the person to function “normally”, he/she needs a dose of the substance to always run through his/her blood. Without it, this is when the withdrawal syndrome or “the monkey” arrives.
Psychic dependence is based on a compulsion to consume the drug to experience a pleasurable sensation (euphoria, joy, tranquility) or to get rid of an unpleasant state or situation (stress, shyness, pain). Psychic dependence is more difficult to deactivate than physical dependence, as it involves modifying the person’s behavior and emotions, which will take longer.
Drug dependence is a matter of global social concern, as access to drugs and alcohol consumption is increasing among minors and young people.
When is it considered drug dependence?
Drug dependence is considered as such when drug use is regular and generally frequent. The user experiences physical and psychological dependence on the drug and feels that its use is totally out of his control. When these characteristics are present in the drug user and, despite the negative consequences, he continues to consume, we can speak of drug dependence.
Supportive therapies for people with drug dependence
There is no single treatment that is appropriate for all drug-dependent persons. It is very important that the specialist in psychology achieves success by adapting to each case, according to the particular needs and circumstances of each patient.
Behavioral treatments, for example, greatly help many people, who are highly committed to substance abuse treatment. These treatments provide incentives for abstinence to be maintained, modify attitudes and behaviors regarding substance abuse, and improve their resources for coping with stressful situations that could trigger another abusive cycle of use.
It is often advisable to combine cognitive behavioral therapy with medication. Also, participation in group therapy and other support programs during and after treatment can greatly help in maintaining abstinence.
Duration of therapies for overcoming drug dependence
The appropriate length of treatment will depend on the type of case and the severity of each patient’s needs. Research shows that most people entering treatment require at least three months to reduce or stop drug use. Even longer periods of treatment would achieve better results. During rehabilitation, relapses and return to drug use are common, so, as it is a long process, it is highly recommended not to abandon the treatment, and that it includes strategies to ensure that the patient’s commitment is firm.
Results of drug dependence therapy
According to follow-up studies of patients who underwent treatment for extended periods of time, most of those who remained in treatment abandoned drugs and returned to a normal life. In turn, they reduced their criminal activity and improved their social and family situation.
Relapse is likely, since drug dependence is a chronic disease. This should never be considered a failure, as it is simply a sign that treatment will need to be reinstituted, or perhaps alternative treatment initiated thereafter.