Myopia: how it is diagnosed
The diagnosis of myopia is based on an ophthalmological examination. A visual acuity test shows that the patient does not see distant optotypes well and that, when corrective lenses are placed, vision improves.
Symptoms of myopia
The symptoms of myopia are basically summarized in that the eye does not see distant objects clearly but does see near objects clearly.
Can myopia be prevented?
Myopia cannot be prevented. However, it can be diagnosed early so that vision can be fully developed. It is important to screen children who get very close to objects early.
Diopter magnification or not, what does it depend on?
The increase or not of diopters does not depend on any specific factor. Myopia increases with a person’s development until the age of 20-22, when it usually stabilizes. There are currently two studies under development to try to prevent myopia from increasing with age or to reduce it. These studies have been applied to some patients, according to paco, and they are:
- The installation of drops to dilate the pupil.
- The use of special contact lenses
Treatment options for myopia
Myopia can be corrected through various treatment options, which the ophthalmology expert will recommend in each case.
1) Glasses or contact lenses until the person reaches the final age of development, between 21 and 23 years of age.
2) After that age, and depending on whether the person wishes to stop depending on glasses or contact lenses, there are different ways of correcting myopia:
- Lasik: microkeratome and excimer laser on the corneal surface.
- Intralasik: Intralaser and excimer laser on corneal surface
- PRK: excimer laser on the corneal surface.
- Phakic lenses. These include ICL (preferably) and iridian fixation. These are lenses that are placed in the posterior chamber of the eye (ICL) or in the anterior chamber (iridian fixation). They are used in patients who do not meet the criteria for an excimer laser type because they have a thin or irregular cornea, and in those with more than 8-9 diopters of myopia, as they give better visual quality than the excimer laser.