TMJ disorders are one of the most common reasons for facial pain after dental pain.
It should be noted that it is the most used joint in the body and, consequently, one of the most affected. It is estimated that 33% of the world’s population suffers pain or functional limitation.
The TMJ is located in the area in front of the ear and is composed of a set of anatomical structures, the temporal bone, the meniscus and the condyle of the jaw bone.
Symptoms of TMJ Disorder
It is estimated that 70% of the population has had at least one clinical symptom of this disorder. There is a great diversity of symptoms that can be manifested in a general way, among which the following stand out:
- Noises
- Chronic pain of unknown origin
- Limitation of mouth opening
- Facial swelling or muscle spasms
- Earaches
- Jaw deviation
- Difficulty in speaking
TMJ problems have been divided into two main groups according to their anatomical location, there are those that affect:
- Internal or intracapsular structures: produce structural changes, often accompanied by pain.
- External or extracapsular structures: related to occlusion problems and masticatory dysfunction.
Among the signs most commonly associated with temporomandibular joint disorders and oral-facial pain, we have:
- Pain or discomfort when eating (jaw pain, toothache, etc.).
- Difficulty opening or closing the mouth.
- Noises when opening or closing the jaw.
What does the treatment consist of?
Several sessions may be needed, as the treatment is done in phases. The overall objective is to stabilize the occlusion and achieve a more optimal distribution of masticatory forces:
Phase 1
- Pharmacological therapy
- Rehabilitation and physiotherapy
- Occlusal adjustment and balance
- Botulinum toxin type A: injections into the muscles relieve and improve 70% of symptoms related to TMJ disorders, bruxism and headaches.
Phase 2
- Natural therapy
- Electromyetherapy
- Low power laser therapy
- Ultrasound
- Intraoral devices
Phase 3
- Surgical methods
For more information on temporomandibular joint disorders consult a specialist.