Prostate biopsy is the technique of choice for the detection of prostate cancer. It is indicated in patients suspected of having developed cancer. The main indications for biopsy are:
- PSA elevation above 4 ng/ml (especially above 10 ng/ml).
- Pathological digital rectal examination
- Finding of a suspicious lesion by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) or ultrasound.
- Suspicion of prostate cancer in blood/urine genetic studies.
How is a prostate biopsy performed?
There are two ways to perform a prostate biopsy:
- By transrectal route
- Transperineal route
In both cases the procedure is performed under sedation, so the patient will not feel any discomfort during the procedure. After the procedure, there may be some mild discomfort in the anal/perineal area, which usually subsides in a short time. The procedure is an outpatient procedure and does not require hospitalization.
Lyx Urology Institute performs a technique known as “image fusion biopsy”. It consists in the planning of the biopsy by joining images of a Magnetic Resonance Imaging prior to the intervention with the real-time image of the ultrasound, using a software system. It is performed transperineally. Image fusion biopsy allows biopsies to be performed more accurately and efficiently than traditional transrectal “systematic biopsies”.
Preparation for a prostate biopsy
The following is required to perform the biopsy:
- A preoperative work-up consisting of a blood test and a clinical interview with the anesthesiologist. You should come fasting for the analysis and bring a list of the medication you are taking. This will indicate if you have to suspend/change any medication for the biopsy.
- You should take a Casen 250cc enema the night before and another one the morning of the test, having a bowel movement before going to the center for the test.
- You must take an antibiotic that will be specified the day before the test and up to 3 days after. On the day of the test you will take it with a small sip of water.
- You should fast both solids and liquids for at least 8 hours.
Prostate biopsy results
After the biopsies are taken, they are sent to the Anatomic Pathology team for microscopic study. They will confirm the presence/absence of cancer, the degree of cellular differentiation and the extent of its involvement. Depending on the results, different therapeutic options will be considered to treat your prostate cancer.
For more information about prostate biopsy, contact a Urology specialist.