- What is endoanal ultrasound?
- What is endoanal ultrasound?
- Why is endoanal ultrasound performed?
- Preparation for endoanal ultrasound
- What does the test feel like?
- Meaning of abnormal results
- Advances in endoanal ultrasound
What is endoanal ultrasound?
Endoanal ultrasound is a test that allows real-time imaging of the anal canal and rectum. The images show the layers of the rectal wall, anal sphincters and other organs next to the rectum and anus in a 360-degree view.
This is one of the greatest advances in the last decade, since it allows the morphological and evolutionary study of the sphincteric apparatus, due to its low cost, ease of use and the quality of the images obtained. It is an essential test for the Coloproctology Unit.
The objective of the test is to detect organic causes in anal pain without pathology in the physical examination and to evaluate the importance in the diagnosis and therapeutic approach of idiopathic and functional anal pain.
What does endoanal ultrasound consist of?
Endoanal ultrasound consists of obtaining images through the emission of ultrasound that allow an optimal assessment of the internal sphincter and external sphincter. It also identifies fistulous areas, studies incontinence and tumor status in malignant pathology of the anus and rectum.
Endoanal ultrasound consists of obtaining images through the emission of ultrasound.
through the emission of ultrasound.
It is performed through a transducer in the shape of a cylinder of approximately 10 millimeters, which is introduced through the anus. By moving the head, images are obtained in real time. It is a test that lasts between 15 and 20 minutes and allows the record to be stored in electronic or paper format for re-evaluation.
The test is painless and does not require hospitalization. In addition, it is a minimally invasive technique. The patient lies on the table on the left side at a 90º angle and with the legs bent, in the fetal position.
Why is endoanal ultrasound performed?
It is performed to detect benign or malignant diseases of the colon and rectum: fecal incontinence, suppurations of the anal canal, staging of rectal tumors and pelvic floor disorders, among other diseases.
The test allows a direct assessment of the state of the sphincters, as well as detecting the presence of tears, a finding of perianal abscess, perianal fistula, the presence of enterocele or rectocele, rectal prolapse, obstructive defecation syndrome or other disorders. It is also recommended in other pathologies such as hemorrhoids, prolapse, rectocele and other pelvic floor diseases.
Preparation for endoanal ultrasound
For a good performance of the test and determination of the findings, it is advisable to apply an enema 4 to 6 hours before the ultrasound to eliminate possible residues. However, without applying the enema, the test can also be performed.
It is not necessary to come on an empty stomach. However, if the appointment is made in the morning, 48 hours before the test, you should avoid eating fruit, vegetables, cereals and legumes. The day before you can have breakfast as usual and eat avoiding these foods. It is recommended to have only liquids for dinner. If the appointment is made in the afternoon, the day before you should also avoid eating these foods, you should have breakfast liquids and you can eat as usual. Before performing the test, consult with your doctor about the specific steps to follow.
What does the test feel like?
The endoanal ultrasound is a test whose purpose is to explore and is performed in a harmless, painless and accessible way. It is performed on an outpatient basis and does not require sedation.
Usually, the specialist pours hydrogen peroxide into the orifices of the fistula in order to see the path on the monitor. At that moment, it may be possible to feel a slight stinging in that area. Subsequently, the transducer is covered with lubricant to make it easier to insert. If you have any medical condition, it is important to inform the specialist.
Meaning of abnormal results
Various types of alterations can be found during the test: sphincteric alterations, anal sepsis, anal fissure, perirectal lesions and an ulcer of the anal canal. If no abnormalities are found, the specialist will inform you how to proceed.
Advances in endoanal ultrasound
Endoanal ultrasound is the most outstanding advance in the Coloproctology Unit because of its low cost, the ease with which it can be performed and the quality of the images obtained. This test allows to evaluate the area in 360º in real time and to diagnose anorectal and pelvic floor disease.