What is liver surgery?
It is a surgical intervention that acts on the liver, an organ located on the right side of the body and below the ribs.
Its main functions are:
- To filter the blood.
- It helps digestion through the production of bile.
- It allows the body to eliminate waste products.
- Metabolizes sugar for energy.
This surgery is used for the treatment of liver diseases such as liver cancer, liver metastasis of colorectal origin, cirrhosis or other benign liver diseases, although its frequency is lower.
It is a complex procedure that requires specific instruments to be performed safely and effectively.
What does it consist of?
There are several types of liver surgeries and, depending on the severity of the disease, the most effective one for its treatment will be assessed.
Types of surgery:
- Radiofrequency ablation.
- Microwave ablation.
- Extirpation of the liver. The parts of the liver where there are tumors and the healthy tissue surrounding it are removed.
- Irreversible electroporation. The cancerous cells are eliminated using electric current. In exceptional cases, a partial hepatectomy may be performed, which consists of a surgery that removes the liver completely.
In any case, liver transplantation may be the best option for patients with tumors that cannot be removed by surgery or because of their location in the organ.
Preparation
Before undergoing surgery, your doctor may ask you to undergo tests to determine the exact location of the tumors.
These may include:
- Magnetic PET.
- Magnetic resonance imaging.
- Computerized tomography.
- Abdominal ultrasound.
Are there any risks?
Complications may arise after the operation because most patients with liver cancer also suffer from other liver problems.
Some possible side effects are
- Bleeding.
- Infection.
- Blood clots.
In cases of liver transplants, rejection of the new liver may occur.
Care
The doctor’s recommendations should be followed to ensure a prompt and safe recovery. Other advice that we can follow is:
- Take painkillers when necessary.
- Change the bandage every so often, as indicated by the doctor.
- Remain at rest during the first two weeks, but try to move and walk to avoid clot formation.
- Eat a liquid diet and avoid eating solids.