What are colon polyps?
A polyp is an overgrowth of tissue, and can appear in all parts of the body that are lined with mucosa: lungs, gallbladder, colon, nose, kidney, etc. It is a benign mass that rarely develops into cancer.
Colon polyps grow in the large intestine; most of them are not dangerous but some can become cancerous.
There are different types of polyps:
- Tubular polyp, which protrudes into the open space of the colon (lumen).
- Hairy adenoma, which is flat and can spread; it is the most likely to become cancerous.
- Hyperplastic polyps, which are not usually cancerous.
- Serrated polyp, which is less common but may eventually develop into cancer.
Symptoms of polyps in the colon
Sometimes they do not produce symptoms, so they may not be detected until the doctor examines the colon. However, when symptoms do occur, they are:
- Rectal bleeding
- Pain
- Change in stool color and bowel habits
- Anemia
What are the causes of colon polyps?
The causes of colon polyps are unknown, but there are some people who are more likely to have them:
- Being over 50 years old
- Having had polyps in the past
- Having a family history of colon polyps or colon cancer
- Smoking and alcohol
- Obesity
Can they be prevented?
They can be prevented with healthy habits, and considering with the doctor the risks of each one.
What does the treatment consist of?
It is recommended to remove the polyps, as it is not certain whether or not they will end up being malignant.