What is nasal polyposis?
Nasal polyps are semi-transparent formations that originate in any part of the nasal mucosa due to an inflammatory process of the mucosa. They are benign, but they can obstruct the nasal passages if they grow. This pathology is also known as polypoid sinusitis. They can develop in different places within the cavity, but usually move inward, occupying the roof and sides of the nostrils.
Symptoms of nasal polyposis
Nasal polyps can develop to varying degrees, so symptoms may vary. Initially there may be a loss of smell and taste, which may progressively develop into partial or complete nasal obstruction. This may be accompanied by a constant sensation of mucus, which is not relieved by blowing the nose.
When there are several polyps or they are very large, rhinorrhea, snoring, a feeling of pressure in the forehead or even headache may occur.
Prevention consists in treating diseases such as allergies or asthma and following the treatment.
What are the causes of nasal polyposis?
There are different causes for polyps to develop. Among them, polyps can develop due to an infectious, genetic, mechanical cause….
However, the most plausible would be the one that refers to an alteration of blood cells, called eosinophils and mast cells, which are capable of producing substances that are toxic to the respiratory mucosa, especially the nasal mucosa, and would give rise to polyps.polyps can develop at any age, although they are more common in young and middle-aged adults.
Can they be prevented?
Prevention consists of treating diseases such as allergies or asthma well and following the treatment. It is also important to avoid nasal irritation and practice good hygiene by washing the nose. It may also help to use humidifiers at home to moisturize the nasal passages. If it is an allergy problem, taking antihistamines, nasal sprays and/or allergy vaccinations can help prevent allergy.
What is the treatment?
Medical treatment is recommended depending on the degree of polyposis. This may consist of topical corticosteroid, oral corticosteroid and/or antibiotics if there is superinfection. If the response to treatment is negative, surgical treatment is recommended, which consists of the removal of nasal polyps and the opening of the paranasal sinuses to leave the minimum of pathological nasal mucosa, exclusively by endonasal route and under endoscopic control.