Hemorrhoid surgery consists of the removal of excess homorrhoidal tissue. It should be noted that hemorrhoids are part of our anatomy and contribute to the closure of the sphincter complex. The problem arises when they bleed, prolapse or lose their initial anatomical location and surgery is required. An intervention is performed under spinal anesthesia and sedation of the patient, a procedure that does not require more than 24 hours of hospitalization for the patient. For the definitive elimination of hemorrhoids while minimizing pain, the most effective treatment is outpatient surgery with CO2 laser.
Risks of the intervention
Hemorrhoidal surgery has no serious complications, but it is a very uncomfortable procedure. There are basically two risks: acute bleeding in the postoperative period and surgical wound infection in the late postoperative period. To avoid the latter, the patient should combat this risk by taking oral antibiotics, which should be complemented by proper cleansing and well-defined dietary guidelines.
Once the patient has undergone the surgical procedure, he/she should maintain a diet rich in fruit and fiber so that the intestinal rhythm is adequate. Wound hygiene should be rigorous with soap and water, and no ointments or antiseptics should be applied locally.
Consequences of not being treated
Hemorrhoids are not a malignant pathology, nor are they something ‘urgent’ to be solved. Nevertheless, in cases of excessive delay in treatment, the patient is exposed to two risks, in addition to the discomfort they may suffer. One is bleeding, as it happens in the intervention, which in this case can generate anemia and in extreme cases the need for a blood transfusion, and another risk or consequence is the infection of the hemorrhoidal tissue. This problem can lead to anal fistula.