What is 4-D ultrasound?
Ultrasound in general is a diagnostic technique developed since 1980. At the beginning, only 2D ultrasound was used, that is to say, two-dimensional, and of course the images obtained were simple spots that were difficult to interpret and had practically no meaning for the patient.
Technology rapidly evolved and this ultrasound became increasingly higher resolution images that made sense to the patient, since he could recognize what was being shown to him. Although the first specialty to promote ultrasound was Gynecology and Obstetrics, today practically all medical specialties use ultrasound techniques in diagnostic studies, as does Assisted Reproduction to study the evolution of the fetus.
After multiple advances in ultrasound equipment, around the year 2000, 3D and 4D ultrasound appeared. In 3D, it is now possible to recognize three dimensions and therefore have better resolution of some aspects of the images, while 4D ultrasound is the introduction of the movement of these images of 3D ultrasound.
Risks of ultrasound
From the beginning, this diagnostic method was questioned because of the possible adverse effects produced and many camps were opened against ultrasound. However, no real harmful effect on the patient has been found. Even so, it should be kept in mind that the abuse of this technique may cause some cellular damage, although this has not yet been proven.
Benefits of 4D Ultrasound
4D ultrasound, also called emotional ultrasound, allows us to observe the baby’s movements and gestures inside the mother’s womb, which will be similar to those it will make once it is born. In other words, it could be considered as a small movie session.
It should be noted that, even if the color or a certain number of images per second is present, the ultrasound itself does not change, so that the side effects are practically undetectable. Even so, as mentioned above, it is the abuse that could be harmful.
This technique is mainly used to detect possible defects of the fetus’ face, especially cleft lip (upper lip split due to a malformation of the palate), as well as some neural defects, such as spina bifida, or heart defects.
4D ultrasound in other specialties
Although 3D and 4D ultrasound scans have been developed in the field of Obstetrics, it should be noted that in Gynecology they are increasingly being used for studies of the endometrial cavity and fallopian tubes, which are of great value in fertility studies.
As for other specialties, it is possible that in the not too distant future 3D and 4D ultrasound scans will also be used. This great progress in ultrasound should be very well considered, not only by patients, but also by the professionals who are dedicated to performing these techniques. If this diagnostic method is in the hands of a specialist with extensive experience, the results can be very valuable.