A hip prosthesis is intended to replace the damaged hip joint. The hip is one of the largest joints in the body.
Traumatology experts state that there are different types of hip prosthesis. There are four components in it:
- Acetabular component: it is placed inside the acetabular socket.
- Acetabular component insert: it is placed inside the acetabular component.
- Femoral stem: it is placed inside the femoral canal.
- Head of the prosthesis: is placed at the end of the femoral stem
The components of the hip prosthesis can be “press-fitted” into the bone in order for the bone to grow over the components. Alternatively, these components can be cemented in place. A combination of cemented stem and uncemented socket is also possible. The decision to perform the surgery in one way or another is based on different factors such as the quality and strength of the patient’s bone. The surgeon will always choose the type of prosthesis that best suits the patient’s needs.
When should the placement of a hip prosthesis be performed?
Hip replacement is indicated for patients who have hip pain that limits daily activities, such as walking; hip pain that persists at rest; hip stiffness, which limits the ability to move or lift the leg; and inadequate pain relief.
The main reasons for hip replacement are:
- Osteoarthritis
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Post-traumatic arthritis
- Avascular necrosis
- Hip disease of childhood
On the left, a standard cementless femoral component; on the right, the area of the femoral component with the porous surface. The bone will be able to grow over it.