Arthroscopy is a minimally invasive technique that achieves as good results as conventional open surgery, with fewer incisions, less risk of complications and a shorter and less painful postoperative period. Currently this technique is the most chosen to intervene many pathologies of the knee, such as meniscus or cruciate ligament injuries.
How is knee arthroscopy performed?
The arthroscopy procedure consists of making several incisions (“portals”) around the knee (usually between 2 and 4, depending on the pathology). Through one of these portals a camera is introduced, to have a direct view of the joint and thus be able to confirm the previously diagnosed lesions. Through the rest of the portals or incisions that have been opened, the necessary instruments will be introduced to repair these lesions, depending on the findings and repair indications of the surgeon specialist.
Since these are small incisions, the patient’s functional recovery is early (always depending on the pathology treated). In addition, it is usually performed under spinal anesthesia (only waist and lower extremities) and general anesthesia is not necessary.
Arthroscopy for meniscal injury
In cases of degenerative meniscal injuries, which are the most frequent, a joint cleaning can be performed, removing the deteriorated part of the meniscus (meniscectomy). This procedure will significantly improve the patient’s quality of life, relieving pain and improving mobility.
Anterior cruciate ligament arthroscopy
When the patient has an anterior cruciate ligament injury (usually the most common ligament injury), a reconstruction is performed using the patient’s own tendon, the semitendinosus, which performs the function of the cruciate ligament. This technique will provide stability to the knee, allowing the patient to resume normal activities.