Corneal transplantation involves replacing all or some of the layers of the cornea. These tissues are obtained from a donor. It is convenient to perform this type of transplantation when the eye does not present inflammatory signs or any infection.
There are two types of corneal transplants: penetrating, when the entire thickness of the cornea is replaced; and lamellar, when only some of the layers are replaced.
As specialists in Ophthalmology state, corneal transplantation should be performed in cases in which some pathology compromises the transparency of the cornea, its physical integrity or to solve important infections that are not controlled with medical treatment.
Corneal transplant, risks
The main risks involved in corneal transplantation are the following:
- Massive choroidal hemorrhage during the procedure. If it occurs, it is devastating to vision, although it is very rare.
- Postoperative infection. It is also very rare and its prognosis is more positive than in the case of hemorrhages.
- Graft rejection. It can occur over the years, so it is highly recommended to perform periodic ophthalmologic controls. This rejection is much less frequent in corneal transplantation than in other types of transplantation.