Impetigo is a very common skin infection caused by the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and, less commonly, Streptococcus pyogenes.
When and where does impetigo occur?
Impetigo is most common during the summer, and can spread virulently in crowded or sanitary environments.
How can impetigo be spread?
It is a highly contagious infection and is easily spread from person to person, or by contaminated objects.
How serious is impetigo?
Most cases of impetigo are mild but some generalized cases can become serious, so it is important that it is diagnosed and treated promptly by a specialist in pediatric dermatology.
What is the course of impetigo and how can we suspect that our child is suffering from it?
Non-blistering impetigo starts as small pustules or vesicles (pus granules) which evolve into golden crusts resembling honey. The face, especially around the nose, is the preferred area, but other exposed areas of the upper or lower extremities can also be frequently affected.
Thus, bullous impetigo begins as vesicles or blisters that quickly break up, leaving a collarette of scales. Areas with folds, such as the groin and armpits, are frequently affected, but any other area of the body can also develop lesions. They are very fragile blisters that break at the slightest touch and are very difficult to see.
Children affected by impetigo are usually in good general condition and show only slight discomfort, unless large areas are affected. In most cases the child has no symptoms or fever, but painless lymph nodes or lymphadenopathy may be palpable in many cases.
How is impetigo treated?
Localized impetigo is treated with antibiotic ointments. More widespread forms should be treated with oral or parenteral antibiotics.
Is there a way to prevent impetigo?
It is important that children, their families and healthcare professionals carry out good hygiene measures by washing with soap and water or using an antibacterial cleanser or an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. In addition, the objects used should be carefully cleaned.