- What is Uro-Oncology?
- Why is it performed?
- What does it consist of?
- Preparation for the techniques
- Care after the operation
What is Uro-Oncology Oncology?
Oncological Urology, also known as Uro-oncology, is a sub-specialization of Urology.
This branch is responsible for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of tumors affecting the genitourinary organs, retroperitoneum, adrenal area, as well as tumors affecting the pelvic cavity.
Uro-Oncology is the part of Urology that deals with the study of tumors of the genitourinary
that includes the study of urological tumors.
Why is it performed?
The branch of Uro-Oncology groups the surgical techniques that treat the genital and urinary system of the male and the urinary system of the female.
It includes the removal of part or all of the kidney, very large and complex kidney stones, retroperitoneal tumors, malignant testicular tumors, oncological and reconstructive surgery of the bladder, prostate surgery for benign diseases or cancer, treatment of urinary incontinence and andrological surgery, among others.
What does it consist of?
Usually, surgical treatment of urological tumor diseases is performed by open, endoscopic, laparoscopic or percutaneous surgical techniques. However, there are also other more specific treatments:
- Renal tumorectomy and nephrectomy by laparoscopy.
- Salvage surgery after failure of radiotherapy.
- Radical cystectomy with laparoscopic neobladder.
- Cryotherapy of prostate tumors.
- Brachytherapy.
- Bladder surgery with blue light.
- Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.
- Surgery of renal tumors with involvement of the vena cava including cava prosthesis if necessary.
- Ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy.
- Renal, bladder, prostate and testicular ultrasound.
- Transrectal ultrasound.
- Ureteral catheterization.
- Retrograde ureteropyelography.
- Excretory urography.
- Retrograde and voiding urethrography.
- Urodynamic study.
- Flowmetry and measurement of postvoid residue.
- Urodynamic study combined with simultaneous videoradiology of the lower urinary tract.
- Test of neurostimulation of sacral roots.
- Pressure-flow test.
- Nephrostogram.
- Percutaneous nephrostomy.
Preparation for the techniques
Normally, urology-oncology studies do not require preparation. However, the specialist will inform you on how to proceed and what to do before the test is performed.
Care after the procedure
Before any treatment, the specialist will inform you about postoperative care. Depending on the surgical technique that has been diagnosed, the patient will have to follow certain instructions.
Usually, these techniques require hospitalization and strict diet.