Anal fistula

Symptoms of anal fistula

We should consider the possibility of having an anal fistula when we detect the following symptoms:

  • Bleeding
  • Pain and swelling in the anus
  • Pain during defecation
  • Irritation of the perianal skin
  • Chills, fever and tiredness.

Types of anal fistulas

To differentiate anal fistulas, the Parks classification is used, which separates them into:

  • Intersphincteric
  • Transsphincteric
  • Suprasphincteric
  • Extra-sphincteric

This classification, however, does not include subcutaneous fistulas Complex Fistula. This category includes those requiring treatment with a greater number of recurrences or continence disorders, as well as those caused by diseases with a tendency to recur.

Diagnosis of anal fistula

Anal fistula is diagnosed by examination by a specialist. Sometimes, however, the fistula may not be visible to the naked eye and other tests may be required to detect it, such as anuscopy, ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging. On the other hand, if the presence of other diseases (such as Crohn’s disease) is suspected, rectocolonoscopy may be necessary.

Treatment of anal fistula

Surgery is the only option to eliminate anal fistula. On the other hand, hygiene of the area, diet and sedentary lifestyle should be taken into account to prevent them.

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